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November 2005
Vol. 6, No.8
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The South Bend-Mishawaka Metro Area
The South Bend–Mishawaka, IN-MI Metropolitan Statistical
Area (metro) consists of St. Joseph County in north central Indiana and
neighboring Cass County in Michigan. The metro has a total population
of 318,192, with about 84 percent of those residents living in Indiana.
This article will focus on those 266,431 Hoosiers.
St. Joseph is the fourth largest county in the state (after Marion,
Lake and Allen County, respectively). Between 2000 and 2004, the county
added almost 600 residents, growing a rather slow 0.2 percent. Nearly
40 percent of the county lives within South Bend’s city limits,
while another 18 percent are found in Mishawaka.
According to population projections from the Indiana Business Research
Center, the Indiana portion of the metro will add about 17,454 residents
by 2020, growing 6.6 percent from its 2004 population. This is 1.6 percentage
points slower than the state. South Bend–Mishawaka will see the
largest increase in the group age 45 to 64, while young adults age 25
to 44 will be the only age group to decrease.
Industrial Mix and Jobs
Manufacturing holds the largest employment share in St. Joseph County
with 18,580 jobs, as of the fourth quarter of 2004. At 14.6 percent, the
county is more diversified than the state overall, which has nearly 20
percent of total employment in manufacturing (see Figure 1).
Figure 1: Percent of Total Employment by Industry for St. Joseph County
and Indiana, 2004:4
As seen in Table 1, AM General, producer of Humvees for
the military and the Hummer H2 recreational vehicle, is among the largest
employers in the region. The company employs about 2,300 Hoosiers and
has seen its Humvee production jump from less than 1,000 vehicles in 2003
to an estimated 5,400 for 2005, undoubtedly due to the ongoing conflicts
in Afghanistan and Iraq. (1) The other manufacturer on the list,
Honeywell Aircraft Landing Systems, employs about 1,400 people and supplies
aircraft wheels, brakes and other components of landing systems.
Table 1: Major South Bend Metro Employers
 Click for larger image
Manufacturing employment has been relatively stable in the county during
the past several years, with a job loss of just 0.5 percent between the
fourth quarters of 2001 and 2004, compared to Indiana’s 3.7 percent
slide. Overall, the South Bend–Mishawaka job market expanded 2.2
percent during this time frame, adding 2,731 jobs and bringing the total
to 127,627.
The fastest growing sector was administrative, support and waste management
services, adding over 3,300 jobs and growing more than 70 percent since
the last quarter of 2001. The biggest losses were in retail trade on a
numeric basis (-1,321) and in construction on a percent basis (-16.6 percent).
Using Local Employment Dynamics data to observe job creation trends,
we find an average of 6,535 new jobs per quarter between 2001:1 and 2004:1.
As seen in Figure 2, the number of new jobs created during
the latest quarter available (2004:1) totaled 5,489 and represented 4.3
percent of total employment.
Figure 2: St. Joseph County Job Creation, 2001 to 2004
Commuting
The number of people living and working in St. Joseph County exceeds
144,000, while 18,735 people from other counties find work in the Indiana
portion of the metro. About 17,000 St. Joseph County residents commute
out of the county for work—with the majority going into neighboring
Elkhart County (see Figure 3).
Figure 3: St. Joseph County Commuting, 2003
According to the 2004 American Community Survey (ACS), the average travel
time to work for those in St. Joseph County was just under 20 minutes.
Less than 7 percent of workers 16 and older carpooled to work, and a mere
1.2 percent took public transportation. Not surprisingly, 87.8 percent
traveled alone.
And just what vehicles are residents driving to their jobs? Registration
data from the Bureau of Motor Vehicles indicate that 15.7 percent of the
140,706 registered vehicles in the metro are Chevrolets, followed by Fords
at 13.9 percent and Toyotas at 7 percent.
Wages and Income
According to the ACS, median household income for 2004 is estimated
at $37,971 in St. Joseph County, a few thousand less than the state’s
$42,195. Looking at both ends of the spectrum, 8,205 households (8 percent)
earned $100,000 or more, while 12,300 households (12 percent) earned less
than $15,000.
Ten percent of people in the South Bend–Mishawaka metro were in
poverty in 2004. That includes 12.2 percent of children under 18, 3.5
percent of senior citizens, 7.1 percent of all families and 21.2 percent
of families headed by a single mother. These numbers are in line with
the distribution at the state level. However, South Bend–Mishawaka
has a significantly lower percentage of its senior citizens in poverty
than Indiana as a whole (3.5 percent as opposed to 7.3 percent)
The industry detail for 2004:4 from the Covered Employment and Wages
data showed average weekly wage at $683, ranging from $227 in accommodation
and food services to $1,620 in management of companies and enterprises.
While the average wage for all industries combined fell $23 short of the
state average, eight industries had wages higher than Indiana. These were
led by management of companies, which had an average weekly wage $379
above the state.
Between the fourth quarters of 2001 and 2004, 12 St. Joseph County industry
sectors saw wages grow more than 10 percent, and most of those surpassed
the state’s growth (see Table 2). Three industries experienced a
decline in average weekly wages, with the largest being an 11 percent
($41) drop in administrative, support and waste management services—most
likely the result of the intensive hiring in that sector.
Table 3 shows that South Bend falls in the middle of the pack relative
to other Hoosier metros with respect to wages for total covered employment,
ranking ninth out of the 16 areas.
Table 3: Average Weekly Wages in Indiana Metros, 2004:4
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Notes
- Norm Heikens, “Humvee builder is at a crossroads,” Indianapolis
Star 25 August 2005.
Rachel Justis, Managing Editor
Indiana Business Research Center, Kelley School of Business, Indiana
University
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